![]() Very adaptable to a wide range of soils and growing conditions but is intolerant of poorly-draining soils. Cultivars of this Missouri native come in all sizes and can add interest to the winter landscape. ![]() The fall foliage is very showy, turning shades of red and purple. Clusters of white flowers are followed by blue-black, berry like drupes which are eaten by birds into the winter. It prefers well-draining conditions in part shade. Native understory tree able to adapt to somewhat dry soil once established. The white, pendulous flowers and bladder-like seeds are showy, but this plant may not be suited for urban landscapes. The native bladdernut is a clump forming shrub or small tree found in moist, woody areas. Can be used in the landscape to make an informal hedge in a naturalized area. The berries will remain on the plant into the winter and are enjoyed by birds. Adapts well in most soils, but prefers moist, well-draining conditions in full sun to part shade. The foliage takes on a bright red color in fall.Ī deciduous holly with small, inconspicuous white flowers in the summer that become bright red berries. Grows best in rich, moist, well-draining soil, in full sun to part shade. They can only survive on hackberry trees.Very unique fruit, with scarlet red berries emerging from bright pink capsules in late summer. It might be annoying, but these insects are completely harmless. Sometimes the adult psyllids can be very numerous in window screens in late summer. The adults will overwinter in a protected place. In late summer or early fall, the adult psyllids emerge. These galls are called hackberry nipple galls, for their knobby appearance. The larvae hatch and begin to feed on the leaves the growing leaf responds by forming a distinctive-looking gall around the feeding insects. The leaves are suitable for their egg-laying for only a brief stage in their development in spring. SILL-ids), which are true bugs and (as adults) resemble tiny cicadas, lay their eggs on developing hackberry leaves. The hackberry emperor and tawny emperor, which are dainty, brown and tan butterflies with little eyespots, develop as caterpillars on hackberry leaves. Flocks of cedar waxwings congregate to devour the fruits. The fruit is eaten by at least 25 species of songbirds, plus turkey, quail, grouse, squirrels, and raccoons. It is generally absent from the northern third of Missouri as well as from the Bootheel. Occurs in rocky, open woods, dolomite glades, and along bluffs. Fruit is orange to brown or red, to about ¼ inch wide. ![]() Leaves are generally smaller than the other two hackberries and have few teeth. Dwarf hackberry is a shrub to small tree up to 24 feet tall, often somewhat scraggly with some corky projections on the bark.It is generally absent from the northern third of Missouri. ![]() Fruit are orange red to black, only to about ¼ inch wide. Occurs in the same kinds of habitats as common hackberry (bottomlands as well as uplands), with a slight preference for bottomlands. Leaves are smooth (not rough) on the upper surface not hairy on the undersurface. Sugarberry has stout, spreading branches forming a broad, irregular crown smooth bark that usually develops some warty projections relatively narrower leaves than common hackberry, with a few teeth toward the tip.Similar species: Missouri has two other species of hackberries: sugarberry ( C. Pith is light colored and broken by intermittent chambers.įlowers April–May male flowers in clusters toward base of the new branch female flowers toward the tip, small, single or in pairs.įruits in September, fleshy, berrylike, ¼–½ inch wide, orange red, ripening to deep purple, borne on long stems, with a single hard seed within, usually persisting through winter. Twigs are slender, usually shiny, flexible, zigzag, light brown, becoming gray. Upper surface rough to the touch lower surface hairy.īark is gray, rather smooth when young, becoming covered with distinctive corky, warty projections that eventually join into ridges with age. Leaves are alternate, simple, with one side longer or wider than the other, sharply toothed, 2–4 inches long, with 3 main veins emerging from the base, tip sharply pointed, base uneven. Common hackberry is a medium to large tree with a rounded crown, up to 90 feet tall.
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